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DNA Replication

Ps2 soln

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H Solutions for Practice Problems for Molecular Biology, Session 2: DNA Replication Question 1 ATP * * H a) Box the part that is added to a growing chain of nucleic acid. b) Star the atom(s) that can form a hydrogen bond with the complementary nitrogenous base. c) Circle the part of the molecule that decreases the stability of RNA as compared to DNA.

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Circular bacterial chromosome

Practice Problems for Molecular Biology, Session 2: DNA Replication Question 1 ATP ? a) Box the part that is added to a growing chain of nucleic acid. b) Star the atom(s) that can form a hydrogen bond with the complementary nitrogenous base. c) Circle the part of the molecule that decreases the stability of RNA as compared to DNA. d) Draw an arrow to the part of this molecule that you would modify to prevent further elongation. Indicate what change you would make next to the arrow drawn. Question 2 Consider the following origin of replication that is found on a chromosome. The sequence of region 1 is shown. Region 1: 5??CTGACTGACA?3?

AP Bio Reading Guide Answers CH 16

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Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
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Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. - 1 - Name_______________________ Period___________ Chapter 16: The Molecular Basis of Inheritance Concept 16.1 DNA is the genetic material 1. What are the two chemical components of chromosomes? DNA and protein 2. Why did researchers originally think that protein was the genetic material? Until the 1940s, the case for proteins seemed stronger, especially since biochemists had identified them as a class of macromolecules with great heterogeneity and specificity of function, essential requirements for the hereditary material. Moreover, little was known about nucleic acids, whose physical and chemical properties seemed far too uniform to account for

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CHAPTER 19 PROKARYOTES AND VIRUSES Test Bank Test Bank Chapter 19 Prokaryotes and Viruses Multiple-Choice Questions 1. What historic figure died of a disease that had symptoms consistent with West Nile encephalitis? a. Alexander the Great b. Cleopatra c. Julius Caesar d. Queen Elizabeth I e. Socrates Section: 19:I&I Bloom?s: knowledge Ans: a 2. West Nile virus is transmitted to humans by a. birds b. cats c. other humans d. mosquitoes e. all of these Section: 19:I&I Bloom?s: knowledge Ans: d 3. Which of the following could be called "pathogens"? a. viruses b. bacteria c. viroids d. viruses and viroids e. viruses, bacteria, and viroids Section: 19: I&I Bloom?s: knowledge Ans: e 4. All prokaryotic cells have a. cell membranes b. nuclei c. ribosomes

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Biology, 7e (Campbell) Chapter 17: From Gene to Protein 7) Which of the following represents a similarity between RNA and DNA? D) nucleotides consisting of a phosphate, sugar, and nitrogenous base 9) Using RNA as a template for protein synthesis instead of translating proteins directly from the DNA is advantageous for the cell because B) RNA acts as an expendable copy of the genetic material, allowing the DNA to serve as a permanent, pristine repository of the genetic material. C) many mRNA molecules can be transcribed from a single gene, increasing the potential rate of gene expression. D) B and C only

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4/2/13 1:14 PM DNA Deoxyribose Double Stranded (Double Helix) Nitrogenous bases (Cytosine, Guanine, Adenine, Thymine) RNA Ribonucleic Single Stranded Nitrogenous bases (Cytosine, Guanine, Adenine, Uracil) Both have phosphate Cytosine = Guanine Adenine = Thymine DNA Replication is semi conservative. DNA Replication happens during interphase. One strand determines the sequence of the other strand. DNA polymerase copies DNA strands in the 5?->3? direction. Transcription ? The first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA by the enzyme, RNA polymerase. Translation ? The process through which cellular ribosomes manufacture proteins. In DNA, T=A G=C In RNA, T=A G=C A=U Translation occurs in the cytoplasm.

Chapter 16 Molecular Basis of Inheritance

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Chapter 16 The Molecular Basis of Inheritance Sugar?phosphate backbone 5? end Nitrogenous bases Thymine (T) Adenine (A) Cytosine (C) DNA nucleotide Phosphate 3? end Guanine (G) Sugar (deoxyribose) LE 16-8 Adenine (A) Thymine (T) Guanine (G) Cytosine (C) Sugar Sugar Sugar Sugar 5? end 3? end 5? end 3? end Space-filling model Partial chemical structure Hydrogen bond Key features of DNA structure 0.34 nm 3.4 nm 1 nm Structure of DNA The parent molecule has two complementary strands of DNA. Each base is paired by hydrogen bonding with its specific partner, A with T and G with C. The first step in replication is separation of the two DNA strands. The parent molecule has two complementary

Honors biology chapter 10

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10.5 DNA Replication proceeds in two directions at many sites simultaneously. Another DNA replication requires the cooperation of more than a dozen enzymes and other proteins. begins at special sites origins of replication Replication bubbles are created when replication proceeds in both directions Thousands of bubbles can be present at once because there are many origins. DNA sugar backbones run in opposite directions. each strand has a three prime end a five prime end. refer to the carbon atoms of the nucleotide strands 5?s: phosphate 3?s: hydroxyl DNA polymerases: link the DNA nucleotides to the growing polymer strand (added only to three prime) can only grow in the five prime/ three prime direction DNA Ligase: links the pieces together into the single DNA strand

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