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Historical geology

Geological Time Scale

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Eon Era Period Epoch Major Events Phanerozoic Cenozoic Quaternary (0-1.6 million yrs BP) Holocene (Present-10,000 yrs) Modern humans develop. Pleistocene Ice Age Interglacial. Pleistocene (10,000 -1,600,000 yrs) Pleistocene Ice Age. Extinction of many species of large mammals and birds. Tertiary Pliocene (1.6-5.3 million yrs) Development of hominid bipedalism. Cascade Mountains began forming. Climate cooling. Miocene (5.3-24 million yrs) Chimpanzee and hominid lines evolve. Extensive glaciation in Southern Hemisphere. Climate cooling. Oligocene (24-37 million yrs) Browsing mammals and many types of modern plants evolve. Creation of the Alps and Himalaya mountain chains. Volcanoes form in Rocky Mountains. Eocene

Chapter 1- New World Beginnings

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Delphanie Wu Hr.5 11/26/11 New World Beginnings (33,000 B.C.-1769 A.D.) Beginnings Recorded history of Western world began 6,000 YA Mid Easter people developed written culture The Shaping of North America 225 mil YA: Oceans and continents formed from large land mass Mt ranges formed by crust shifting and folding N Am-10 mil YA by Canadian Shield 2 mil YA: Great Ice Age-blankted parts of EU, Asia, and Americas glacier retreated 10,000 YA and left pre-sent day NAm Peopling the Americas Great Ice Age exposed land bridge between Eurasia and Nam evidence suggests nomadic Asian hunter immigrated for 250centuries 10,000 YA: Ice Age ended and nomads now stuck on isolated Americas ice melted and they wandered all the way to the tip of SAm

Chapter 1 Notes

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Chapter 01 - New World Beginnings---33,000 B.C.-A.D. 1769. ?I. The Shaping of North America 1. 225 million yrs. ago supercontinent 2. Mountains-- Appalachians pre separation, all others after making them ?American? mountains. 3. Canadian Shield- NE corner of Americas, maybe first above sea level 4. Ice Age- 2 million yrs. ago--2 mile thick ice, Canada, N. America 5. Glacial action eroded Canadian Shield II. Peopling the Americas 1. The Land Bridge-- Sea level dropped because of glaciers exposing a land bridge. ? ? Bering Sea between Siberia and Alaska 2. Nomadic hunters following migratory game herds 3. Ice Age ended, glaciers melted, land bridge under water--10,000 yrs. ago 4. When Europeans arrived in 1492-- 54 million people lived in the Americas.
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