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Lipid

lipid biofact sheet

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B io F actsheet April 1999 Number 42 1 The Structure and Function of Lipids All lipids are polymers ? long chains of repeating units joined together in a condensation reaction during which water is released. The commonest lipids are triglycerides ? three fatty acids and glycerol linked by an ester bond (Fig 1). This Factsheet summarises the structure and function of lipids. Lipids are organic compounds found in every type of plant and animal cell. They always contain the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, but the reletive amount of oxygen is less than in carbohydrates. cells in plant roots forces water into the symplast pathway which is under the control of the nucleus. This strip therefore gives the plant control over substances entering the xylem. 7. Buoyancy

Proteins and Lipids

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LIPIDS & MEMBRANE STRUCTURE Lipids differ from the other macromolecules: not formed by linear polymerization however, they do have a high molecular weight they contribute to important cellular structures (membranes) What are they? Heterogeneous category of cellular components that are insoluble in water (hydrophobic) Lipids are typically rich in nonpolar hydrocarbon regions with relatively few polar groups Lipids have 3 main cellular functions: 1. Energy storage (fat to sugar) Lipids have about 6 times more energy than the same weight of a polysaccharide 2. Membrane structure 3. Transmission of chemical signals There are six main classes of lipids (FAMILIARIZE WITH THE FIRST 3) Fatty acids are the building blocks for several other kinds of lipids

Campbell chapter 7 test bank

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Self-Quiz Questions 1) In what way do the membranes of a eukaryotic cell vary A) Phospholipids are found only in certain membranes. B) Certain proteins are unique to each membrane. C) Only certain membranes of the cell are selectively permeable. D) Only certain membranes are constructed from amphipathic molecules. E) Some membranes have hydrophobic surfaces exposed to the cytoplasm, while others have hydrophilic surfaces facing the cytoplasm. Answer: B 2) According to the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure, proteins of the membrane are mostly A) spread in a continuous layer over the inner and outer surfaces of the membrane. B) confined to the hydrophobic core of the membrane.

Chapter 41 Brief outline

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Chapter 41 Animal Nutrition Outline I. An Animal’s Diet must Supply Chemical Energy, Organic Molecules, and Essential Nutrients A. Essential Nutrients 1. Essential Nutrients- materials an animal requires but cannot make 2. Four essential nutrients a) Essential Amino Acids- amino acid that must be obtained in a prefabricated form b) Essential Fatty Acids- an unsaturated fatty acid c) Vitamins- organic molecules required in very small amounts (Example: Vitamin C) d) Minerals- inorganic material required in small amounts (Example: Zinc) B. Dietary Deficiencies 1. Undernourishment- result of consistently consuming less than the required amount of calories for metabolism 2. Malnourishment- long-term absence from one or more essential nutrients C. Assessing Nutritional Needs
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