Human Geography

Chapter 5: Language By: Madalyn Smith, Alexander Karnish, Stephanie Konrady, Cheyenne Moore and Jacob Sikorski Key Issue One: Where are English-Language Speakers Distributed? Official language in 42 countries, more than any other language. 2 billion people--one-third of the world--live in a country where English is an official language. English Colonies England established colonies during the past four centuries and brought their language. Colonies Include: America in the 17th century, Ireland in 17th century, South Asia in mid-18th century (India), South Pacific in late 18th century (Australia, New Zealand), and southern Africa in late 19th century. Even if only a select few, typically the elite and colonial rulers could speak English, it became the official language.

Chapter 1, Part 1?Thinking Geographically? Mr. Chad Guge, Instructor AP Human Geography 2012-13 Top 10 ?You Should Know?s Cartography and Map projection Map Scale and how it works US Land Ordinance of 1785 (Townships and Ranges) Contemporary tools of Geography (GIS, GPS and Remote Sensing) Concepts of Site and Situation Concepts of Latitude/Longitude and creation of Time Zones Types of Regions (Formal, Functional, Vernacular) Concept of ?culture,? how it spreads, and how the environment shapes it Influences on Cultural Diffusion Population patterns and distributions Cartography and Map Projections Def: The Science of Map-Making Early Mapmaking Earliest maps drawn by Babylonians on clay tablets around 2300 B.C., but art of mapmaking is suspected to be even older

Chapter 1, Part 4 Presentation borrowed from ?Osman Human Geography PowerPoints? Globalization The spread of economic activities from one country to many other regions. The establishment of integrated industrial and service sectors world-wide. Primarily an economic factor, it has enormous social and political consequences. 2 Principle factors-Transnational Corporations-most HQ in US, Europe or Japan have offices and production facilities in many parts of the world. These TNCs become dominant economically and politically in the countries where they operate. In many cases their total income exceeds the entire GNP of the host country. E.g. Wal-Mart earns more income than most Central American nations.

Why do People Migrate? Reasons for Migration Effect of Distance for Migration Characteristics of Migrants Where are Migrants Distributed? Global Migration Patterns U.S. Migration Patterns Impact of Immigration on the United States Why do Migrants Face Obstacles? Immigration Policies of Host Countries Cultural Problems Living in Other Countries Why Do People Migrate Within A Country? Migration Between Regions of a Country Migration Within One Region in a Country Vocabulary You Need To Know You should be able to define, explain, and use real-world examples (when possible) for the terms below. Term/Concept Definition Example(s) (Real-world)

APHG ? Chapter 5: LanguageFall 2013Mr. Guge, Instructor *Slides used from presentations by? Jane Martinez, Lake Region Senior High Mary Schubert, Hamilton High School Language Defined Organized system of spoken words by which people communicate with one another with mutual comprehension (Getis, 1985). Languages subtly gradate one to another. Dialects and other regional differences may eventually lead to incomprehensibility - a new language. Migration and Isolation explain how a single language can later become two or more. Geographer?s Perspective on Language Language is an essential element of culture, possibly the most important medium by which culture is transmitted.