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Inorganic solvents

AP Chemistry MIDTERM review B

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An acid solution of unknown concentration is to be titrated with a standardized hydroxide solution that will be released from a buret. The buret should be rinsed with: hot distilled water distilled water at room temperature a sample of the unknown acid solution a sample of the hydroxide solution a neutral salt solution B 100 B 200 B 300 B 400 As a beaker of water is heated over a flame, the temperature increases steadily until it reaches 373K. At that point, the beaker is left on the flame, but the temperature remains at 373 as long as there is water in the beaker. This is because at 373K, the energy provided by the flame: no longer acts to increase the kinetic energy of the water molecules is completely absorbed by the glass beaker

Campell9EdChapter3WaterandLife

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Water and Life Chapter 3 Overview: The Molecule That Supports All of Life Water is the biological medium on Earth All living organisms require water more than any other substance Most cells are surrounded by water, and cells themselves are about 70?95% water The abundance of water is the main reason the Earth is habitable ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 3.1 Polar covalent bonds in water molecules result in hydrogen bonding The water molecule is a polar molecule: the opposite ends have opposite charges Polarity allows water molecules to form hydrogen bonds with each other ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 3.2 Hydrogen bond Polar covalent bonds ? ? ? + ? + ? ? ? ? ? + ? + ? ? Four emergent properties of water contribute to Earth?s suitability for life

AP Bio Chp 3

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AP Biology Reading Guide Chapter 3: Water and the Fitness of the Environment Fred and Theresa Holtzclaw Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. - 1 - Name_______________________Period___________ Chapter 3: Water and the Fitness of the Environment Concept 3.1 The polarity of water molecules results in hydrogen bonding 1. Study the water molecules at the right. On the central molecule, label oxygen (O) and hydrogen (H). 2. What is a polar molecule? Why is water considered polar? 3. Now, add + and ? signs to indicate the charged regions of each molecule. Then, indicate the hydrogen bonds. 4. Explain hydrogen bonding. How many hydrogen bonds can a single water molecule form?

quiz 2

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Magnesium has 12 protons. How many electrons are in its second energy level? a. 2 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8 e.10 Which of the following statements correctly describes any chemical reaction that has reached equilibrium? a. The concentration of products equals the concentration of reactants. b. Both forward and reverse reactions have halted. c. The rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction. d. The reaction is now irreversible e. No reactants remain.

2.2 Western High Biology H vocab

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?Opposite charges of polar molecules can interact to form hydrogen bonds. ?Often oxygen or nitrogen, but many other molecules. ?Weaker than covalent bonds but strong among water molecules 2.2 Vocabulary Isabella Hardman Period 7 9/2/14 ?Measures acidity ? U sually between 0 and 14 ? - 0 is very acidic (High H+) and 14 is in very basic (low H+) ?pH of 7 is neutral -Must be tightly controlled in organisms with buffers.-
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AP BIO Chapter 03

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Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 3 Water and Life Life evolved in the ocean, and the chemistry of life occurs in an aqueous environment. These questions explore the properties of water that are important to sustain life?s chemical processes, organismal physiology, and interactions of organisms with their environment. Quantitative properties such as heat content, molarity, and pH are also addressed. A few questions address how human activities affect the global environment through acid rain and acidification of the ocean. Multiple-Choice Questions 1) In a single molecule of water, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen atom by A) hydrogen bonds. B) nonpolar covalent bonds. C) polar covalent bonds. D) ionic bonds. E) van der Waals interactions.

AP BIO CHP 3 CAMPBELL BIOLOGY 9e

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Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 3 Water and Life Life evolved in the ocean, and the chemistry of life occurs in an aqueous environment. These questions explore the properties of water that are important to sustain life?s chemical processes, organismal physiology, and interactions of organisms with their environment. Quantitative properties such as heat content, molarity, and pH are also addressed. A few questions address how human activities affect the global environment through acid rain and acidification of the ocean. Multiple-Choice Questions 1) In a single molecule of water, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen atom by A) hydrogen bonds. B) nonpolar covalent bonds. C) polar covalent bonds. D) ionic bonds. E) van der Waals interactions.

Weather

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What are 3 major variables that affect our weather? WATCH THE VIDEO! Factors that affect Temperature What is moisture? Water found in one of its three forms: 1. SOLID (ICE/SNOW) 2. LIQUID (RAIN) 3. GAS (WATER VAPOR) Precipitation is moisture that FALLS from the atmosphere above. Precipitation cleans the atmosphere of condensation nuclei Why does precipitation occur? Air can only hold a certain amount of water vapor before it will overfill and condense This is known as capacity ROOM FOR ONE MORE???? What temp. air can hold more W.V.? Warm air can hold MORE water vapor WHY????? Cold air holds LESS water vapor Every 10 degree Celsius increase doubles the air?s capacity Every 10 degree Celsius decrease cuts capacity in half * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Air Pressure

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Air Pressure The weight of the air above Earth?s surface Thanks to gravity, the atmosphere has weight. What affects air pressure? Altitude ? air pressure decreases the higher you go up 2 miles up Sea level Decreasing Air Pressure Higher Concentration of air molecules Gravity forces most air molecules to remain close to Earth?s surface Cold air is more dense than warm air Cold air has higher air pressure because the molecules are closer together v v COLD HOT Warm air has LESS air pressure because molecules are farther apart COLD HOT Which air mass can hold more water vapor? v v COLD HOT v v c COLD HOT Air Molecule Water Molecule Warmer air can hold more water molecules than cooler air

Campbell AP Bio Study Guide Chapter 3

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Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 3 Water and Life Life evolved in the ocean, and the chemistry of life occurs in an aqueous environment. These questions explore the properties of water that are important to sustain life?s chemical processes, organismal physiology, and interactions of organisms with their environment. Quantitative properties such as heat content, molarity, and pH are also addressed. A few questions address how human activities affect the global environment through acid rain and acidification of the ocean. Multiple-Choice Questions 1) In a single molecule of water, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen atom by A) hydrogen bonds. B) nonpolar covalent bonds. C) polar covalent bonds. D) ionic bonds. E) van der Waals interactions.

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