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Transformation

AP BIO Ch. 20 Study Guide

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AP BIOLOGY CHAPTER 20 DNA TECHNOLOGY AND GENOMICS PAGE 375 Mapping and sequencing of human genome has been accomplished Via recombinant DNA ?. Genes from two different sources Genetic engineering?? manipulaton of genes? Biotechnology ?..manipulation to make useful products? Microbes to make wine and cheese, selective breeding of livestock DNA Cloning Making multiple identical copies of gene-sized DNA A gene inserted into a plasmid Bacteria reproduces?.recombinant plasmid is replicated Diagram pg 376 Potential uses ?.. Produce a protein product Ex. Gene for human growth hormone Produce many copies of gene So the gene nucleotide sequence can be determined Or give an organism a new metabolic ability?.pest Resistance?.

DNA NOTES

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The Discovery of DNA Griffith and Transformation: Transformation: One strain of bacteria (harmless) had changed into disease-causing strain Meant gene with info was transferred from heat-killed into live cells Avery tried to break down the heat-killed bacteria with enzyme that would usually break up DNA, but it didn?t Avery concluded that DNA is nucleic acid that stores and transmits the genetic info from 1 generation to another Hershey and Chase Experiment: Studied bacteriophages (viruses) ?bacteria eaters? made of DNA/RNA and protein coat Bacteriophages inject DNA into bacteria, the viral genes act to produce many new bacteriophages and burst of out cell Conclusion: using radioactive markers, genetic material of bacteriophage was DNA not protein The Structure of DNA
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