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Algebraic geometry

Analytical Geometry Study Guide

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Analytical Geometry Formulas and Equations: Midpoint Formula of P(x1, y1), P?(x2, y2): Distance Formula of P(x1, y1), P?(x2, y2): Slope-Intercept Form y = mx + b Point-Slope Form y2 - y1 = m(x2 - x1) General Form of a Line Ax + By + C = 0 Standard Form of a Line Ax + By = C *Slope of line is (?A/B) Slope of P(x1, y1), P?(x2, y2): *Slopes of parallel lines are equal *Slopes of perpendicular lines are opposite and reciprocal Directed Distance from line Ax+By+C=0 to point P(x1, y1) * The sign of the denominator is the same sign as ?B? in the line. *The directed distance will be positive if the point P is above the line, and negative if P is below the line. Directed Distance Between 2 Parallel Lines *The parallel lines are: Ax+By+C & Ax+By+C?

Analytical Geometry Study Guide

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Analytical Geometry Final Review Courtesy of Your Friend: Daryll Mu?oz Formulas and Equations: Midpoint Formula of P(x1, y1), P?(x2, y2): Distance Formula of P(x1, y1), P?(x2, y2): Slope-Intercept Form y = mx + b Point-Slope Form y2 - y1 = m(x2 - x1) General Form of a Line Ax + By + C = 0 Standard Form of a Line Ax + By = C *Slope of line is (?A/B Slope of P(x1, y1), P?(x2, y2): *Slopes of parallel lines are equal *Slopes of perpendicular lines are opposite and reciprocal Directed Distance from line Ax+By+C=0 to point P(x1, y1) * The sign of the denominator is the same sign as ?B? in the line. *The directed distance will be positive if the point P is above the line, and negative if P is below the line. Directed Distance Between 2 Parallel Lines

Ellipses

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An ellipse is the set of points such that the sum of the distances from any point on the ellipse to two other fixed points is constant. The two fixed points are called the foci (plural of focus) of the ellipse. Figure %: The sum of the distances d1 + d2 is the same for any point on the ellipse. The line segment containing the foci of an ellipse with both endpoints on the ellipse is called the major axis. The endpoints of the major axis are called the vertices. The point halfway between the foci is the center of the ellipse. The line segment perpendicular to the major axis and passing through the center, with both endpoints on the ellipse, is the minor axis.

Conics

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Analytic geometry is roughly the same as plane geometry except that in analytic geometry, figures are studied in the context of the coordinate plane. Instead of focusing on the congruence of shapes like plane geometry, analytic geometry deals with the coordinates of shapes and formulas for their graphs in the coordinate plane. Much of analytic geometry focuses on the conics. A conic is a two-dimensional figure created by the intersection of a plane and a right circular cone. All conics can be written in terms of the following equation: Ax2 + Bxy + Cy2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0 . The four conics we'll explore in this text are parabolas, ellipses, circles, and hyperbolas.
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