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Tonicity

Membrane practice Test

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Membrane Practice Test AP Biology Choose the response which best completes the following statements or answers the following questions. 1. If a solution outside a cell is more concentrated so that the cell loses water to its environment,??the external solution is said to be __________ to the cell contents.??(1.) hypertonic (2.) in equilibrium (3.) isotonic (4.) hypotonic 2. Which mechanism requires energy? (1.) facilitated diffusion (2.) osmosis (3.) diffusion (4.) active transport 3. Pinching in of fluids by a unicellular organism is the process of (1.) phagocytosis (2.) osmosis (3.) pinocytosis??(4.) exocytosis (5.) facilitated diffusion

Chapter 27: Bacteria and Archaea (9th Edition)

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CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, AP* 9th EDITION Chapter 27: Bacteria and Archaea 27.1 first organisms were likely prokaryotes unicellular variety of shapes - spherical, rod-shaped, and spiral well-organized the cell wall keeps it from bursting in a hypotonic solution and supports structure in hypertonic solutions, they shrink away from walls/plasmolyze contain peptidoglycan - polymer made of modified sugars crosslinked by short polypeptides. Archaea lack peptidoglycan but bacteria have it. Using the a technique called the Gram stain, scientists classify bacterial species into two ?groups based on cell wall composition Gram positive - simpler walls and a large amount of peptidoglycan Gram negative - less peptidoglycan and more structurally complex. Has an outer lipopolysaccharide membrane

Taxonomy

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REVIEW OUTLINE ? TEST 2 CELLS/TAXONOMY CELL TYPES DOMAIN CRITERIA THE 6 KINGDOMS ? CHARACTERISTICS OF EACH THE MAJOR PHYLA CHORDATA VERTEBRATA ? MAMMALS, REPTILES, BIRDS, AMPHIBIANS, FISH HUMAN LINEAGE WE?RE UNIQUE AT WHAT POINT AND WHY? OPARIN-HALDANE MODEL ? PRIMITIVE ATMOSPHERE MILLER-UREY EXPERIMENT ? DETAILS OF SET-UP RESULTS ? WHAT DID THEY FIND? WHAT DIDN?T THEY FIND? CELL STRUCTURES CELL WALLS ? WHICH ONES? PLASMA MEMBRANE STRUCTURE ? DRAW IT! LABEL IT! TRANSPORT MECHANISMS PASSIVE ACTIVE ? DIAGRAMS ARE IMPORTANT TONICITY ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM OTHER ORGANELLES GOLGI ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER) ROUGH AND SMOOTH CYTOSKELETON DIFFERENCES IN ?FIBERS? NUCLEUS DOUBLE MEMBRANE ? WHY? PORES ENDOSYMBIOSIS

bio 211 quiz

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Study tips for Quiz 3 Fluid mosaic membrane model Selective permeability: control what goes in and out of cell Compartmentalization: different processes can be separate Phospholipids-main component of membranes (50% by weight) Structure: hydrophilic heads faces out (water loving) polar surface Hydrophobic tails face in (weather fearing) non-polar region Interior 1972 singer and Garth Fluid- lipids and proteins can move relative to each other within membrane The typical membrane structure consists of a phospholipid bilayer with a number of proteins scattered throughout, along with some carbohydrates (glycoproteins), glycolipids and sterols, similar to the way in which one does a mosaic tile, hence the name. molecules involved in membrane transport Pg 107 fig 5.12
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