Terms : Hide Images
| 254656949 | absolute language | describes something but lacks degrees; characteristic can't be more or less, has to be yes or no -help speaker convey confidence, self assurance, strong tone | 0 | |
| 254656950 | ad hominem fallacy | litterally means "against the person"; part of argumentation, doesn't address soundness of another side's argument; attacks character of person conveying argument instead | 1 | |
| 254656951 | allusion | indirect reference to commonly known thing, ie event, book, myth, place, art -speaker can use as comparative tool to appeal to audience's emotions (pathos) | 2 | |
| 254656952 | anadiplosis | repetition of the last word (or phrase) from the previous line, clause, or sentence at the beginning of the next | 3 | |
| 254656953 | analogy | similarity or comparison btwn 2 different thigns or relationship btwn them; can explain something unfamiliar by associating it w/ something familiar -can make writing more vivid, imaginative, or intellectually engaging | 4 | |
| 254656954 | anaphora | repeating a word or phrase at beginning of successive clauses or sentences for emphasis and rhythm -often used to place emphasis on or draw attention to what it said | 5 | |
| 254656956 | antimetabole | repetition of words in successive clauses in reverse grammatical order -often used to place emphasis on or draw attention to what is said | 6 | |
| 254656957 | antithesis | juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas, often in parallel structure -used to show contrast or opposition of thoughts | 7 | |
| 254656958 | aphorism | concise statement of a principle of precept | 8 | |
| 254656959 | asyndeton | leaving out the usual conjunctions btwn coordinate sentence elements -emphasizes or creates specific rhythm or pace -rush series of clauses together w/o conjunctions, as if tumbled togther by emotional haste | 9 | |
| 254656961 | chiasmus | crossing parallelism, where 2nd part of grammatical construction is balanced or paralleled by first part, only in reverse order; instead of A,B structure paralleled by another A,B structure, A,B is followed by B,A -often used to place emphasis on or draw attention to what is said | 10 | |
| 254656962 | colloquial language | use of slang or informalities in speech or writing -generally not acceptable for formal writing; gives conversational familiar tone | 11 | |
| 254656963 | complex sentence | sentence with an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses | 12 | |
| 254656964 | conditional sentence | sentence that focuses on a question of truth or fact, introduced by 'if' or its equivalent -often works as method for speaker to appeal to audience's logic or common sense | 13 | |
| 254656965 | cumulative sentence (loose sentence) | sentence that begins with independent clause and finishes with series of modifying constructions (phrases and/or clauses) | 14 | |
| 254656966 | declarative sentence | sentence that makes a statement -can communicate or emphasize thta speaker/writier is confident | 15 | |
| 254656968 | epistrophe | repetition of group of words at end of successive clauses -often used to place emphasis on what is said | 16 | |
| 254656971 | hyperbole | exaggeration or embellishment for effect or to make a point | 17 | |
| 254656972 | imagery | evokes particular sensations or emotionally rich experiences in reader; calls up sensations of sight, taste, smell, touch, heat, pressure -make abstracts and/or feelings concrete; often carries rich connotative meanings | 18 | |
| 254656973 | imperative sentence | gives a direct command to someone; can have implied subject "you" | 19 | |
| 254656974 | independent clause | word group containing a subject and predicate that can stand alone as a sentence | 20 | |
| 254656975 | juxtaposition | placing 2 ideas, words, or pictures side by side so that their closeness creates a new, sometimes ironic meaning | 21 | |
| 254656977 | metaphor | implied comparison btwn 2 unlike things that doesn't use word 'like,' 'as,' 'so', or 'than'; most important of all tropes (figurative language) | 22 | |
| 254656978 | metonymy | figure of speech where a thing associated w/ a person, place, or thing stands in for the original thing | 23 | |
| 254656980 | parallelism | set of similarly structured words, phrases, or clauses that appears in sentence or paragraph; involves arrangement so that elements of equal importance are equally developed and similarly phrased -can be used as rhythmic technique as a subtle repetition device emphasizing what is said and makes content more memorable | 24 | |
| 254656982 | pathos | appeal to emotions or interests of audience so that they will be sympathetically inclined to accept a writer/speaker's afgument -typically includes connotatively loaded diction, imagery, and/or figurative language to appeal to human emotions -effect of emotional appeal often eclipses other appeals, so if writers want audience to act, not just reason, they often appeal to emotions | 25 | |
| 254656983 | periodic sentence | sentence beginning w/ series of subordinate modifying phrases and clauses, often creating crescendo effect, and then ending w/ forceful independent clause -sentence only makes sense when end of sentence is reached | 26 | |
| 254693954 | personification | figurative language which gives human qualitities and characteristics to non-human entities | 27 | |
| 254693955 | polysyndeton | use of many conjunctions to separate clauses and phrases; often serves as tool to manipulate narrative pace of writing -tends t obe used to slow the pace; can also create sense of build-up or crescendo | 28 | |
| 254693957 | qualifying language | word or sentence element limiting (or qualifying) another word, phrase, or clause | 29 | |
| 254693958 | reductio ad absurdum | argumetative fallacy where proposition is disproven by following its implications logically to an absurd consequence | 30 | |
| 254693959 | rhetorical question | question posed by speaker/writer not to seek an answer but instead to affirm or deny a point simply by asking a question about it -used to draw attention to a point and is generally stronger than a direct statement; can appeal to audience's common sense or logic | 31 | |
| 254693960 | simile | explicit comparison btwn 2 unlike things signaled by use of 'like, as, so, than' | 32 | |
| 254693962 | subordinate clause | group of words including a subject and verb but can't stand on its own as a sentence; linked to independent clause by subordinating conjunction or relative pronoun; can function as an adjective, adverb, noun | 33 | |
| 254693963 | syllogism | series of statements where a logical conclustion is drawn from inarguable premises | 34 | |
| 254693964 | synecdoche | figure of speech where part of something is used to refer to its whole | 35 | |
| 254693966 | understatement (aka litotes) | common figure of speech where literal sense of what is said falls detectably short of (or 'under') the magnitude of what is being talked about | 36 | |
| 254693968 | zuegma | figure of speech where one word, usually preposition or verb, yokes together 2 other elements that are unrelated | 37 | |
| 314592541 | antiphrasis | a word that's usually ironic and implies the exact oppposite of its literal meaning | 38 | |
| 314592545 | conceit | entire work is one long metaphor; almost mawkish (sickly sentimental) | 39 | |
| 314592547 | ellipsis | when words are left out and it's understood what is missing; ie "I am a man of conscience, of moral fiber." | 40 | |
| 314592550 | indefinite pronoun | refers to a person, place, thing, or idea that may or may not be specifically named | 41 | |
| 314592554 | paradox | statement that seems contradictory, but makes sense; extended version of oxymoron; ie my only love sprang from my only hate | 42 | |
| 314622153 | situational irony | expect one thing, get something else; mostly in fiction | 43 | |
| 314622154 | dramatic irony | reader knows something that characters don't; mostly in fiction | 44 | |
| 314622155 | verbal irony | devices that create irony, ie antiphrasis; in fiction and non-fiction | 45 | |
| 375284860 | monosyllabic | one syllable, can manipulate to cater to audiences | 46 | |
| 375284861 | polysyllabic | multiple syllables, can manipulate to cater to audiences | 47 | |
| 375308078 | euphonious | pleasant sounding; onomatopoetic words, cater to audiences | 48 | |
| 375308079 | cacophonous | sharp sounding words; onomatopoetic words, cater to audience | 49 | |
| 375308080 | literal/denotative | dictionary meaning | 50 | |
| 375308081 | figurative/connotative | "picture" meaning | 51 | |
| 375308082 | prosaic | takes its time, paragraph writing | 52 | |
| 375308083 | poetic | concentrated, ambiguity in word choice intended by authors | 53 | |
| 375308084 | objective | journalistic, without bias | 54 | |
| 375308085 | subjective | may have bias | 55 | |
| 375308086 | concrete | mostly nouns; tangible; able to touch, smell, hear | 56 | |
| 375308087 | abstract | mostly nouns; not tangible; emotions, ideologies, philosophical | 57 | |
| 375308088 | pedestrian | common "everyday" talk | 58 | |
| 375308089 | pedantic/inflated/overly formal | very formal language; scholarly | 59 | |
| 375308090 | volugarity | swearing, double entendres | 60 | |
| 375308091 | slang | euphemisms (saying "not so nice" thinkgs in nice ways); generational | 61 | |
| 375308092 | jargon | specific to certain fields; ie lawyers' jargon, computer geeks | 62 | |
| 375308093 | cliche | worn out expressions | 63 | |
| 375308094 | informal/idiomatic/dialectal | verancular, dialects | 64 | |
| 375308095 | fromal | anything cerenomial or academic | 65 | |
| 375308096 | simple sentence | one and only one independent clause, not necessarily short sentences-adding prepositional and infinitives | 66 | |
| 375308097 | compound sentence | 2+ indpendent clauses, generally joined by FANBOYS and comma | 67 | |
| 375308098 | compound-complex sentence | 2+ independent clauses and 2+ dependent clauses | 68 | |
| 375308099 | exclamatory sentence | declarative sentence with exclamation point | 69 | |
| 375308100 | interrogative | questions (include rhetorical questions) | 70 | |
| 375308101 | natural/basic sentence | start with subject, then verb | 71 | |
| 375308102 | parallel sentence | listing of 2+ things in grammatic form; similar structure | 72 | |
| 375308103 | balanced sentence | parallel structure-only 2 things in comparison or contrast with grammatic equivalency; ie parallel word phrases, clause structure, paragraph | 73 | |
| 375308104 | interrupted sentence | ie using dashes, ellipses, part of dialogue to interrupt something | 74 | |
| 375308105 | inverted sentence | stars with verb, then subject; ie Stand I. vs. I stand; corrupting natural order | 75 | |
| 375308106 | oxymoron | specialized kinds of antithesis; pairing of 2 words; ie jumbo shrimp | 76 | |
| 375308107 | catalogue/listing | ie Merriwether Lewis; can reveal a style; ie journalistic | 77 | |
| 375308108 | apposition (appositive) | modifies noun, set apart by commas | 78 | |
| 375308109 | paranthetical | another form of apposition, just set in paranthesis instead of commas; interrupter; additional information | 79 | |
| 375308110 | epanalepsis | use same word or phrase at beginning and end of sentence | 80 | |
| 375308111 | assonance | repetition of vowel sounds; ie hoop, scoop, droop | 81 | |
| 375308112 | consonance | repetition of consonant sounds anywhere in words; ie killer, locked | 82 | |
| 375308113 | alliteration | repetition of consonant sounds at beginning of words; ie killer crept closer | 83 | |
| 375308114 | onomatopoeia | batman words; ie pow, shazam, zowie | 84 | |
| 375308115 | zeugma (specifically, mesozeugma) | yoking together 2 unlike things with either verb or preposition | 85 | |
| 375308116 | syllepsis | comic zeugma | 86 | |
| 375308117 | spatial organization | arrangement of ideas in a speech according to location or position | 87 | |
| 375308118 | chronological organization | ordering ideas by time | 88 | |
| 375308119 | logical/syllogistic organization | ... | 89 | |
| 375308120 | parallel organization | ... | 90 | |
| 375308121 | balanced organization | ... | 91 | |
| 375308122 | juxtaposed/antithetical organization | ... | 92 | |
| 375308123 | periodic organization | ... | 93 | |
| 375308124 | aphoristic organization | ... | 94 |
