Review for Test 1 in Blanton
Terms : Hide Images
| 82467482 | Ireland | Nation where Englsih Protestant rulers employed brutal tactics against the local Catholic population | |
| 82467483 | Roanoke | Island colony founded by Sir Walter Raleigh that mysteriously disappeared in the 1850s | |
| 82467484 | Spanish Armada | Naval invaders defeated by English 'sea dogs' in 1588 | |
| 82467485 | Joint Stock Company | Forerunner of the modern corporation that enabled investors to pool financial capital for colonial values | |
| 82467486 | Anglo - Powhatan War | Name of two wars, fought in 1614 and 1644, between the english in Jamestown and the nearby Indian leader | |
| 82467487 | Slave Code | The harsh system of laws governing African labor, first developed in Barbadoes and later officially adopted by South Carolina in 1696. | |
| 82467488 | Virginia Company | Royal document granting a specified group the right to form a colony and guarenteeing settlers their rights as English citizens | |
| 82467489 | Indentured Servants | Penniless people obligated to engage in unpaid labor for a fixed number of years, usually in exchange for passage to the New World or other benefits | |
| 82467490 | Iroquois | powerful Indian conferderation that dominated New York and and the easter Great Lakes area; comprised of several peoples (not the Algonquians) | |
| 82467491 | Squatters | Poor farmers in NC and elsewhere who occupied land and raised cropes without legal title to the soil | |
| 82467492 | Royal Colony | Term for colony under direct control of the English king or queen | |
| 82467493 | Tobacco | The primary staple crop of early VA, MD, and NC | |
| 82467494 | South Carolina | The only southern colony with a slave majority. | |
| 82467495 | Rice | The primary plantation crop of South Carolina | |
| 82467496 | Savannah | A melting pot twon in early colonial Georgia | |
| 82468481 | Powhatan | Indian leader who ruled tribes in the James River area of VA | |
| 82468482 | Raleigh and Gilbert | Elizabethan courtiers who failed in their attempts to found New World colonies | |
| 82468483 | Roanoke | The failed 'lost colony' founded by Sir Walter Raleigh | |
| 82468484 | Smith and Rolfe | Virginia leader 'saved' by Pocahantas and the prominet settler who married her | |
| 82468485 | Virginia | Colony that established the House of Burgesses in 1619 | |
| 82468486 | Maryland | Founded as a haven for Roman Catholics | |
| 82468487 | Lord De La Warr | Harsh military goverenr of VA who employed 'Irish Tactics' against the Indians | |
| 82469720 | Jamaica and Barbados | British West Indian sugar colines where large-scaled plantations and slvaery took root | |
| 82469721 | Lord Baltimore | The Catholic aristocrat who sought to build a sanctuary for his fellow believers | |
| 82469722 | South Carolina | Colony that turned to disease-resistant African slaves for labor in its extensive rice plantations | |
| 82469723 | North Carolina | Colony that was called a 'vale of humility between two mountains of conciet' | |
| 82469724 | Georgia | Founded as a refuge for debtors by philanthropists | |
| 82469725 | James Oglethorpe | Philanthropic soldier-statesman who founded the Georgia colony | |
| 82474648 | Protestant Reformation | Sixteenth-century religious reform movement begun by Martin Luther | |
| 82474649 | Protestants | English Calvinists who sought a throrough cleansing from within the Church of England | |
| 82474650 | Seperatists | Radical Calvinists who considered the Church of England so corrupt that they broke with it and formed their own inpendent churches | |
| 82474651 | Mayflower Compact | The shipboard agreement by the Pilgrim Fathers to establist a body politic and submit to majority rule | |
| 82474652 | Covenant | Puritans' term for their belief that Massachusetts Bay had a special arrangement with Fod to become a holy society | |
| 82474653 | Dismissal of Parliment | Charles I's politcal action of 1629 that led to persecution of the pUritans and the formation of the Massachusetts Bay Company | |
| 82474654 | Fishing and Shipbuilding | The two major nonfarming industries of Massachusetts Bay | |
| 82474655 | Antinomianism | Anne Hutchinson's heretical belief that the truly saved need not obey human or divine law | |
| 82474656 | Banishment | Common fate of Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson after they were convicted of heresy in Massachusetts Bay | |
| 82474657 | Praying Towns | Villages where New England Indians who converted to Christianity were gathered | |
| 82474658 | King Phillip's War | Successful military action by the colonies united in the New Englad Confederation | |
| 82474659 | Glorious Revolution | English revolt that also led to the overthrow of the Dominion of New Englad in America | |
| 82474660 | Hudson River Valley | River valley where vast estates created an aristocratic landholding elite in New Netherland and New York | |
| 82474661 | Teslotes | Required, sworn statements of loyalty or religious belief, resisted by the Quakers | |
| 82474662 | Smuggling | Common activity in which the colonists engaged to avoid the restrictive, unpopular Navigation Laws | |
| 82474663 | Martin Luther | German monk who began Protestant Reformation | |
| 82474664 | John Calvin | Reformer whose religious ideas inspired English Puritans, Scotch, Presbyterians, French Huguenots, and Dutch Reformed | |
| 82474665 | Massasoit | Wampanoag cieftan who befriended English colonies | |
| 82474666 | Plymouth | Small colony that eventually merged into Massachusetts Bay | |
| 82474667 | Massachusetts Bay Colony | Colony whose government sought to enforced God's law on believers and unbelievers alike | |
| 82474668 | John Winthrop | Promoter of Massachusetts Bay as a holy 'city upon a hill' | |
| 82474669 | Great Puritan Migration | Mass flight by religious dissdents from the persecutions of Archbishop Laud and Charles I | |
| 82474670 | General Court | Representative assembly of Massachusetts Bay | |
| 82474671 | Puritans | Dominant religious group in Massachusetts Bay | |
| 82474672 | Quakers | Religious group persecuted in Massachusetts and New York but not in Pennsylvania | |
| 82474673 | Anne Hutchinson | Religious dissenter convicted of the heresy of antinomianism | |
| 82474674 | Roger Williams | Radical founder of the most tolerant New England colony | |
| 82474675 | King Phillip | Indian leader who waged an unsuccessful war against New England's white colonists | |
| 82474676 | Peter Stuyvesant | Conqueror of New Sweden who later lost New Netherland to the English | |
| 82474677 | William Penn | Founder of the most tolerant and democratic of the middle colonies | |
| 82475300 | Colonies | Early Maryland and Virginia settlers had difficulty creating them and even more difficulty making them last | |
| 82475301 | Disease | Primary cause of death among tobacco-growing settlers | |
| 82526317 | Indentured Servants | Immigrants who received passage to America in exchange for a fixed term of labor | |
| 82526318 | Headright System | Maryland and Virginia's system of granting land to anyone who would pay trans-Atlantic passage for laborers | |
| 82526319 | Hanging | Fate of many of Nathaniel Bacon's followers, though not of Bacon himself | |
| 82526320 | Royal African Company | English company that lost its monopoly on the slave trade in 1698 | |
| 82526321 | Rhode Island | American colony that was home to the Newport slave market and many slave traders | |
| 82526322 | Gullah | African American dialect that blended English with Yoruba, Ibo, and Hausa | |
| 82526323 | Revolts | Uprisings that occurred in NYC in 1712 and in SC in 1739. | |
| 82526324 | First Families of Virginia (FFVs) | Wealthy extended clans like the Fitzhughs, Lees, and Washingtons that dominated politics in the most populous colony | |
| 82526325 | Early 20s | Approximate marriage age of most New England women | |
| 82526326 | Meetinghouse | The basic local political institution of New England, in which all freemen gathered to elect officials and debate local affairs | |
| 82526327 | The Half-Way Covenant | Formula devised by Puritan ministers in 1662 to offer partial church membership to people who had not experienced conversion | |
| 82526328 | Salem Witch Trials | Late seventeenth-century judicial event that inflamed popular feelings, led to the deaths of twenty people, and weakened the Puritan clergy's prestige | |
| 82526329 | Farming | Primary occupation of most 17th century Americans | |
| 82526330 | Chesapeake | Virginia-Maryland bay area, site of the earliest colonial settlements | |
| 82526331 | Indentured Servants | Primary laborers in early southern colonies until the 1680s | |
| 82526332 | Nathaniel Bacon | Agitator who led poor former indentured servants and frontiersman on a rampage against Indians and colonial government | |
| 82526333 | Governor Berkeley | Colonial VA official who crushed rebels and wreaked cruel revenge | |
| 82526334 | Royal African Company | Organization whose loss of the slave trade monopoly in 1698 led to a free enterprise expansion of the business | |
| 82526335 | Middle Passage | Experience for which human beings were branded and chained, and which only 80 percent survived. | |
| 82526336 | Ringshout | West African religious rite, retained by African Americans, in which participants responded to the shouts of a preacher | |
| 82526337 | NYC Slave revolt of 1712 | Major middle colonies rebellion that cause thirty three deaths | |
| 82526338 | Nathanael Hawthorne | Author of a novel about the early New England practice of requiring adulterers to wear the letter 'A' | |
| 82526339 | "New England conscience" | The legacy of Puritan religion that inspired idealism and reform among later generations of Americans | |
| 82526340 | Harvard | The oldest college in America, originally based on the Puritan commitment to educate boys in the ministry | |
| 82526341 | William and Mar | The oldest college in the South, founded in 1793 | |
| 82526342 | Half-Way Covenant | Helped erase the earlier Puritan distinction between the converted 'elect' and other members of society | |
| 82526343 | Salem Witch Trials | Phenomena started by adolescent girls' accusations that ended with the deaths of twenty people and two dogs | |
| 82526344 | Leisler's Rebellion | Small NY revolt of 1689-1691 that reflected class antagonism between landlords and merchants | |
| 82535826 | Dutch | Corruption of a German word used as a term for German immigrants in Pennsylvania | |
| 82535827 | Scots-Irish | Ethnic group that had already relocated once before immigrating to America and settling largely on the Western frontier of the middle and southern colonies | |
| 82535828 | Paxton Boys | Rebellious movement of frontiersman in the southern colonies that included future president Andrew Jackson | |
| 82535829 | Jail Birds | Popular term for convicted criminals dumped on colonies by British authorities | |
| 82535830 | Praying Towns | Term for New England settlements where Indians from various tribes were gathered to be Christianized | |
| 82535831 | Lawyers | A once-despised profession that rose in prestige after 1750 because its practitioners defended colonial rights | |
| 82535832 | Triangular Trade | Small but profitable trade route that linked New England, Africa, and the West Indies | |
| 82535833 | Taverns | Popular colonial centers of recreation, gossip, and political debate | |
| 82535834 | Established | Term for tax-supported condition of Congregational and Anglican churches, but not of Baptists, Quakers and Roman Catholics | |
| 82535835 | Great Awakening | Spectacular, emotional religious revival of the 1730s and 1740s | |
| 82535836 | New Lights | Ministers who supported the Great Awakening against the 'old light' clergy who rejected it | |
| 82535837 | Colleges | Institutions that were founded in greater numbers as a result of the Great Awakening, although a few had been found earlier | |
| 82535838 | Zenger Case | The case that established the precedent that true statements about public officials could not be prosecuted as libel | |
| 82535839 | Council | The upper house of colonial legislature, appointed by the crown or the proprietor | |
| 82535840 | Poor Richard's Almanac | Ben Franklin's highly popular collection of information, parables, and advice | |
| 82535841 | Philadelphia | Leading city of the colonies; home of Ben Franklin | |
| 82535842 | African Americans | Largest non-English group in the colonies | |
| 82535843 | Scots-Irish | Group that settled the frontier, made whiskey, and hated the British and other governmental authorities | |
| 82535844 | Paxton Boys and Regulators | Scots-Irish frontiersman who protested against colonial elites of Penn. and NC | |
| 82535845 | Patrick Henry | Eloquent lawyer-orator who argued in defense of colonial rights | |
| 82535846 | Molasses Act | Attempt by British authorities to squelch colonial trade with French West Indies | |
| 82535847 | Anglican Church | Established religion in southern colonies and NY, weakened by lackadaisical clergy and too-close ties with British crown | |
| 82535848 | Jonathan Edwards | Brilliant New England theologian who instigated the Great Awakening | |
| 82535849 | George Whitefield | Itinerant British evangelist who spread the Great Awakening throughout colonies | |
| 82535850 | Benjamin Franklin | Author, scientist, printer; 'the first civilized American' | |
| 82535851 | John Peter Zenger | Colonial printer whose case helped begin freedom of the press | |
| 82535852 | Quakers | Dominant religious group in colonial Pennsylvania, criticized by others for their attitudes toward Indians | |
| 82535853 | Baptists | Nonestablished religious group that benefited from the Great Awakening | |
| 82535854 | John Singleton Copley | Colonial painter who studied and worked in Britain |
