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AP BIOLOGY Unit 2 Chapter 6

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plasma membrane or phospholipid bilayer
1.no true nucleus 2.no membrane bound organelles 3.smaller 4."older" in terms of evolution 5.bacteria and acheobateria
1.has a membrane bound nucleus 2.has membrane bound organelles 3.larger 4."younger" in terms of evolution 5.plants, animals, fungi, and protozoa
1.contains most of the genetic material 2.surrounded by nuclear envelope (double phospholipid membrane)
1.inside the nucleus 2.where ribosome parts are made
found in cytosol makes proteins used in the cell
attached to the endoplasmic reticulum makes proteins exported outside of the cell, used by other organelles or incorporated into cell membrane
contains nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and plasma membrane
1.does not have ribosomes 2.makes lipids 3.detoxifies drugs
1.makes proteins that will leave the cell and new membranes 2.carbohydrates are added to make glycoproteins
1.made of stacked flattened sacs 2.stores, routes, and modifies proteins moving from from the ER to the cis to the trans face
stacked flatten stacks the make up the golgi apparatus
1.phagocytosis: digest food in vacuoles 2.recycles cell's organic material 3.programmed cell destruction`
membrane bound sacs
made by phagocytosis/endocytosis Lysosomes join with to digest food
used by freshwater organisms to pump out excess water
1.found in plants 2.surrouned by a membrane 3.stores many different compounds 4.made from several small vacuoles
object that refracts light through a specimen in such a way that the image is magnified
most sub cellular structures
object useful in the detailed study of the surface of a specimen; scans the surface of the sample and excites electrons
object used to study the internal ultrastructure of the cells; aims beam through a very thin section of a specimen
the goal is to take cells apart and separate the major organelles from one another
devises used to fractionate cells (spin test tubes with disrupted cells at various speeds forcing the cell components to separate by size and density)
where DNA is concentrated in a prokaryotic cell
entire region found between the nucleus and the plasma membrane in a eukaryotic cell
semifluid substance in which organelles are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
encloses the nucleus and separates its contents from the rest of the cell
netlike array of protein filaments that maintain the shape of the nucleus
structures that carry the genetic information in the nucleus
a complex of proteins and DNS

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