Charles Frances Adams He was the son of President John Quincy Adams and foreign prime minister to Britain. In 1863 the British were helping southerners with building battle ships. Adams wanted to stop this and to do so he said if the British built any more ships for the South it would mean the US would go to war with Britain.

Clement L. Vallandigham When: 1863 What: Copperhead Democrat and Ohio ex-congressmen Why: Vallandigham was a Southern partisan who publicly demanded an end to the " wicked and cruel" war. The civil courts in Ohio were open, and he should have been tried in them. But he was convicted by a military tribunal in 1863 for treasonable utterance and was sentenced to prison. Lincoln decided to banish Vallandigham to the Confederate lines. Vallandigham ran for governorship of Ohio on foreign soil and polled a substantial but insufficient vote. He returned to his own state before the war ended and was not further prosecuted. The strange case of Vallandigham inspired Edward Everett Hale to write his moving fictional story of Philip Nolan, " The Man without a Country" ( 1863).

Andrew Johnson Andrew was chosen by the Republican party to run with Abraham Lincoln as Vice President in the 1864 election. Johnson was chosen to balance the ticket. Because he was a Southern Democrat, before the South seceded, and Lincoln was a Northern Republican. These too covered almost all issues of the election.

John Wilkes Booth a southern actor; April 14, 1865; shot Abraham Lincoln to death in Ford's Theater.

Trent Affair Union warships stopped a British ship, the Trent, which was taking two confederate officers to England. This took place in 1861 off of the coast of Cuba. This showed the Americans impressing people now, nearly caused a war with Britain. This shows the separation between North and South at the time.

Alabama A ship built by the British. Not originally built to be a war ship but in 1862 the confederates gave it a crew and weapons. It captured over sixty union vessels before it accepted a challenge from a union cruiser in 1864 off the coast of France.

fenians Fenians are a secret 19th century Irish and Irish-American organization dedicated to the overthrow of British rule in Ireland. Irish-Americans raised an army of several hundred men and launched invasions on Canada in 1866 and 1870. the Fenians were trying to persuade Canada to retaliate against England.

National Banking Act The banking system was used to create the sale of government bonds and to establish a uniform bank note currency. The system could purchase government savings bonds and money to back the bonds. The National Banking Act was made during the Civil War, and was the first real step taken toward a singular, unified banking system since1836.

Union Party The Union party included all of the Republicans and the war Democrats. It excluded the copperheads and peace Democrats. It was formed out of fear of the republican party losing control. It was responsible for nominating Lincoln.