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Political Socialization

Topic 2

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AP American Government Review Concentration 2 Political beliefs and behaviors of individuals (10-20%) Beliefs that citizens hold about their government and its leaders Processes by which citizens learn about politics The nature, sources, and consequences of public opinion The ways in which citizens vote and otherwise participate in political life Factors that influence citizens to differ from one another in terms of political beliefs and behaviors Key Terms Americanism Civic competence Civic duty Class consciousness Culture war Equality of opportunity Equality of result External efficacy Internal efficacy Political culture Political efficacy Political ideology Gender gap Partisanship Political elite Political ideology Poll Random sample Sampling error

Unit 2

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AP American Government Review Concentration 2 Political beliefs and behaviors of individuals (10-20%) Beliefs that citizens hold about their government and its leaders Processes by which citizens learn about politics The nature, sources, and consequences of public opinion The ways in which citizens vote and otherwise participate in political life Factors that influence citizens to differ from one another in terms of political beliefs and behaviors Key Terms Americanism Civic competence Civic duty Class consciousness Culture war Equality of opportunity Equality of result External efficacy Internal efficacy Political culture Political efficacy Political ideology Gender gap Partisanship Political elite Political ideology Poll Random sample Sampling error

political socialization

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Chapter 6 Political Culture and Socialization Political Culture: political attitudes and beliefs Political Socialization: the process of adopting a political culture Balch?s take: this is a lifetime process According to Margaret Mead, cultural beliefs are transferred by post-figurative socialization and co-figurative socialization; beliefs handed down from generation to generation without question and beliefs spread within a generation via AOPS?s, respectively Agents of political socialization help determine what groups we associate with Family, school, media, religion, region, income and labor, education, ethnicity, age, gender Education is thought to be most important; more education equals more positive attitude towards politics, more likely to vote, more tolerant

Public Opinion

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Public Opinion (how people feel about things) and the Media most Americans= general public- care about the political issues that affect their day-to-day lives directly issue public- focus on one political issue- based on voters activity on the issue Characteristics of Public Opinion Saliency- degree to which it is important to a person or group of people Intensity- how strong people feel about a particular issue Stability- how public opinion changes over time measured indirectly through elections and directly through public opinion polls Polls Measure Public Opinion method of random sampling- poll what people in an area think on a particular subject sampling error- how far off the poll results may be Where does Public Opinion Come From?

Chapter 4 Notes - Political Culture and Ideology

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Political Culture and Ideology - Chapter 4 Defining the American Political Culture o Widely shared beliefs, values, and norms about how citizens relate to govn’t and each other o Who participates in political decisions, what rights/liberties citizens have, how political decisions are made, general population thoughts on politics/govn’t? (ways to discover nation’s political culture) o Some constants – ex. Fear of concentrated power and respect for personal liberty, equality, justice, individualism, rule of law, patriotism, optimism, idealism o Social capital = discussion, compromise, and respect for differences which grows out of diplomatic discussion and voluntary participation
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