Cell organelles, their function; cell membrane structure and functions
616901372 | Phospholipid | molecule that has both a hydrophillic region and hydrophobic region | 1 | |
616901373 | Phospholipid bilayer | a double layer of phospholipids that makes up a plasma membrane | 2 | |
616901374 | Integral Proteins | Proteins that extend through the phospholipid bilayer. | 3 | |
616901375 | Peripheral Proteins | A protein loosely attached to the surface of a membrane | 4 | |
616901376 | Selective Permeability | Allows some substances to cross more easily than others | 5 | |
616901377 | Diffusion | the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, so that they spread out evenly reaching equilibrium | 6 | |
616901378 | Osmosis | The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane | 7 | |
616901379 | Concentration Gradient | a difference in the concentration of a substance across a space | 8 | |
616901380 | Transport Proteins | proteins that help to transport substances across cell membranes | 9 | |
616901381 | Passive Transport | movement of materials through a cell membrane without using energy | 10 | |
616901382 | Isotonic | a solution whose solute concentration equals that inside a cell; the cell will not change | 11 | |
616901383 | Hypertonic | the solution with the greater concentration of solutes than that inside the cell; the cell will lose water to its environment--> Cell will shrivel up | 12 | |
616901384 | Hypotonic | the solution with the lower concentration of solutes than that inside the cell; water will enter the cell -> Cell will swell and burst | 13 | |
616901385 | Facilitated Diffusion | passive transport of ions or polar molecules across a plasma membrane by transport proteins | 14 | |
616901386 | Active Transport | transport of a substance through a cell membrane against the concentration gradient; requires energy | 15 | |
616901387 | Sodium-Potassium Pump | a carrier protein that uses ATP to transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into the cell against the concentration gradient; active transport, requires energy | 16 | |
616901388 | Exocytosis | process by which a cell releases large amounts of material by vesicles | 17 | |
616901389 | Endocytosis | the movement of a substance into a cell by a vesicle | 18 | |
616901390 | Prokaryotic cell | cell lacking a nucleus and most other organelles; found only in bacteria | 19 | |
616901391 | Eukaryotic cell | cell with a nucleus (surrounded by its own membrane) and other membrane-bound organelles | 20 |