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AP Biology Chapter Outlines & Objectives
Campbell’s Biology,
7th Edition Created by: C. Massengale, Stuttgart School District Chapter Outline:
Chapter Objectives:
How We Study Cells
1. Distinguish between magnification and
resolving power.
2. Describe the principles, advantages, and
limitations of the light microscope, transmission electron microscope, and
scanning electron microscope.
3. Describe the major steps of cell
fractionation and explain why it is a useful technique.
A Panoramic View of the Cell
4. Distinguish between prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells.
5. Explain why there are both upper and lower
limits to cell size.
6. Explain the advantages of
compartmentalization in eukaryotic cells.
The Nucleus and Ribosomes
7. Describe the structure and function of the
nuclear envelope, including the role of the pore complex.
8. Briefly explain how the nucleus controls
protein synthesis in the cytoplasm.
9. Explain how the nucleolus contributes to
protein synthesis.
10. Describe the structure and function of a eukaryotic
ribosome.
11. Distinguish between free and bound ribosomes in terms of
location and function.
The Endomembrane System
12. List the components of the endomembrane system, and
describe the structure and functions of each component.
13. Compare the structure and functions of smooth and rough
ER.
14. Explain the significance of the cis and trans sides of
the Golgi apparatus.
15. Describe the cisternal maturation model of Golgi
function.
16. Describe three examples of intracellular digestion by
lysosomes.
17. Name three different kinds of vacuoles, giving the
function of each kind.
Other Membranous Organelles
18. Briefly describe the energy conversions carried out by
mitochondria and chloroplasts.
19. Describe the structure of a mitochondrion and explain
the importance of compartmentalization in mitochondrial function.
20. Distinguish among amyloplasts, chromoplasts, and
chloroplasts.
21. Identify the three functional compartments of a
chloroplast. Explain the importance of compartmentalization in chloroplast
function.
22. Describe the evidence that mitochondria and chloroplasts
are semiautonomous organelles.
23. Explain the roles of peroxisomes in eukaryotic cells.
The Cytoskeleton
24. Describe the functions of the cytoskeleton.
25. Compare the structure, monomers, and functions of
microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments.
26. Explain how the ultrastructure of cilia and flagella
relates to their functions.
Cell Surfaces and Junctions
27. Describe the basic structure of a plant cell wall.
28. Describe the structure and list four functions of the
extracellular matrix in animal cells.
29. Explain how the extracellular matrix may act to
integrate changes inside and outside the cell.
30. Name the
intercellular junctions found in plant and animal cells and list the function
of each type of junction.
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