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AP Biology Chapter Outlines & Objectives
Campbell’s Biology,
7th Edition Created by: C. Massengale, Stuttgart School District Chapter Outline:
Chapter Objectives:
The Principles of Polymers
1. List the four major classes of macromolecules.
2. Distinguish between monomers and polymers.
3. Draw diagrams to illustrate condensation and
hydrolysis reactions.
Carbohydrates Serve as Fuel and Building Material
4. Distinguish among monosaccharides,
disaccharides, and polysaccharides.
5. Describe the formation of a glycosidic
linkage.
6. Distinguish between the glycosidic linkages
found in starch and cellulose. Explain why the difference is biologically
important.
7. Describe the role of symbiosis in cellulose
digestion.
Lipids Are a Diverse Group of Hydrophobic Molecules
8. Describe the building-block molecules,
structure, and biological importance of fats, phospholipids, and steroids.
9. Identify an ester linkage and describe how it
is formed.
10. Distinguish between saturated and unsaturated fats.
11. Name the principal energy storage molecules of plants
and animals.
Proteins Have Many Structures and Many Functions
12. Distinguish between a protein and a polypeptide.
13. Explain how a peptide bond forms between two amino acids.
14. List and describe the four major components of an amino
acid. Explain how amino acids may be grouped according to the physical and
chemical properties of the R group.
15. Explain what determines protein conformation and why it
is important.
16. Explain how the primary structure of a protein is
determined.
17. Name two types of secondary protein structure. Explain
the role of hydrogen bonds in maintaining secondary structure.
18. Explain how weak interactions and disulfide bridges
contribute to tertiary protein structure.
19. List four conditions under which proteins may be
denatured.
Nucleic Acids Store and Transmit Hereditary Information
20. List the major components of a nucleotide, and describe
how these monomers are linked to form a nucleic acid.
21. Distinguish between:
a. pyrimidine and purine
b. nucleotide and nucleoside
c. ribose and deoxyribose
d. 5' end and 3' end of a nucleotide
22. Briefly describe the three-dimensional structure of DNA.
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